INDONESIA CONTEMPORARY FEMINISM

Ø By the year1980s enter a “new” perspective to liberating women. Indonesia’s women students and activist learnt about liberal feminist ideology mostly from US and UK.

Ø State of Indonesia forced by (US) to have women’s empowerment minister. In 1978-1983, there was a first Young State Minister of Women: Lasijah Soetanto.

Ø Women students engage with ‘male stream’ left organization (mostly discussion groups).Women who joined male organization, later on formed a new women organization with feminist as their main perspectives to criticized society and state. One of these was Kalyanamitra. In order to be saved as organization from scrutinized New Order regime, Kalyanamitra chose their operation as women’s information centers.

Women Against the Higher Price Fuels

Women do not share ownership in many oil companies. And the second used energy of fuels are for domestic, mostly manage by women, and it was not always petroleum, it is too firewood. For petroleum product, women are consumer, not producers. They do not own capital, skill, and natural resources for petroleum exploration or exploitation. Women do not have much chance to works offshore and involved to explore and exploit earth for oil. Male domination in public is rigid for mechanic works, especially in Oil Company. But it was women who actually have to deal with oil for daily basis of human lives. Women need fuels for cooking. Now, petroleum is the only fuels provide in urban areas, and kerosene is replacement of firewood.

22 DESEMBER 1928,PEREMPUAN BERSATU MELAWAN KEKERASAN PEREMPUAN

Sejarah Gerakan perempuan Indonesia tak lepas dari gerakan social pada umumnya. Perempuan aktif dalam kegiatan organisasi pemuda organisasi berlatar belakang kedaerahan seperti Jong Java, Jong Sumatra atau Jong Ambon. Perempuan Indonesia juga aktivis pergerakan nasional, meski nama dan kerjanya tidak dicatat sejarah. Faktanya perempuan ikut mendeklarasian Sumpah Pemuda 28 Oktober 1928. Saat itu pada organisasi umum juga divisi perempuan seperti Wanito Tomo dari Boedi Oetomo, Poetri Indonesia dari Poetra Indonesia dan Wanita Taman Siswa dari Taman Siswa. Organisasi perempuan yang berdiri di awal gerakan di antaranya adalah Putri Mardika, 1916.

Perempuan pelopor yang menjadi panitia pelaksana Kongres Perempuan Indonesia I 928 dan ikut dalam deklarasi Sumpah Pemuda 1928 antara lain Soejatin, Nyi Hajar Dewantoro, Sitti Sundari dan lain-lain. Merekalah inisiator dan penggerak Kongres Perempuan Pertama 22 Desember 1928.